As the winter season blankets the world, it brings forth not only the magic of snowflakes and cozy blankets but also a set of health challenges. Leading medical experts shed light on major ailments to watch out for during the winter months and offer valuable insights on preventive measures. Here is a list of common winter illnesses:
Common Cold
Dr Brunda, Consultant in Internal Medicine, Aster CMI Hospital notes that adults often experience two to three colds per year during winter, marked by symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, sore throat, and cough.
Influenza (Flu)
The flu, a more severe viral illness than the common cold, presents symptoms such as high fever, chills, fatigue, muscle aches, headache, and cough. In severe cases, it can lead to complications like pneumonia.
Respiratory Infections
Dr Archana Rampuria, General Physician, Apollo Clinic, highlights the heightened risk of respiratory infections. The cold temperatures contribute to ailments like the common cold, flu, and worsened asthma conditions. Practicing precautions such as regular handwashing, wearing face masks, staying warm, and getting vaccinated against the flu can significantly reduce these risks.
Norovirus
Dr. Brunda warns of the highly contagious norovirus, often transmitted through contaminated food. It results in symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps.
Bronchitis
Caused by viral or bacterial infections, bronchitis manifests with symptoms like cough, chest pain, and wheezing.
Seasonal Allergies
Dr Rampuria emphasizes the surge in allergens during winter, like indoor mold due to increased moisture. This uptick can trigger allergic reactions, including allergic bronchitis, asthma exacerbations, urticaria, and allergic rhinitis. Maintaining clean and well-ventilated living spaces becomes crucial to mitigating these risks.
Joint Pain and Arthritis
Cold weather tends to exacerbate joint pain, particularly in the elderly and those with arthritis. Dr. Rampuria recommends staying warm, engaging in regular physical activity, and donning appropriate clothing to keep joints warm. For arthritis patients, physiotherapy under professional guidance is advisable.
Dry Skin Conditions
The drop in humidity during winter often leads to dry skin, causing irritation and flakiness. Dr. Rampuria suggests combatting this by taking regular baths, maintaining cleanliness, moisturizing regularly, and staying adequately hydrated.
Heart Problems
Dr. Rampuria warns of the extra strain on the heart during cold weather, especially for individuals with pre-existing heart conditions. This strain can be intensified by respiratory infections in cold weather. Staying warm, avoiding sudden exertion, and adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle are crucial preventive measures.
Preventive Measures:
- Follow respiratory etiquette and wash hands frequently.
- Maintain a healthy diet rich in fresh vegetables and whole grains, with a focus on vitamin C-rich fruits.
- Stay home if sick to prevent virus spread.
- Avoid cooking for the family when sick to minimize infection transmission.
- Get vaccinated against flu and pneumonia annually.This comprehensive guide serves as a roadmap to navigate the winter season, ensuring a healthy and joyful experience for individuals and families alike.
